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Welcome to the Cognitive Models MCQs Page

Dive deep into the fascinating world of Cognitive Models with our comprehensive set of Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs). This page is dedicated to exploring the fundamental concepts and intricacies of Cognitive Models, a crucial aspect of Human Computer Interaction. In this section, you will encounter a diverse range of MCQs that cover various aspects of Cognitive Models, from the basic principles to advanced topics. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to challenge your knowledge and deepen your understanding of this critical subcategory within Human Computer Interaction.

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Check out the MCQs below to embark on an enriching journey through Cognitive Models. Test your knowledge, expand your horizons, and solidify your grasp on this vital area of Human Computer Interaction.

Note: Each MCQ comes with multiple answer choices. Select the most appropriate option and test your understanding of Cognitive Models. You can click on an option to test your knowledge before viewing the solution for a MCQ. Happy learning!

Cognitive Models MCQs | Page 5 of 13

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Q41.
How did banks address the "closure problem" with early ATMs?

a.

By reversing the order of on-screen messages.

b.

By instructing customers to wait longer.

c.

By dispensing cards after money was given.

d.

By removing the on-screen messages.

Discuss
Answer: (c).By dispensing cards after money was given. Explanation:Banks changed the order of the dialog in early ATMs so that the card was always retrieved before the money was dispensed, addressing the "closure problem."
Q42.
What is a general rule that can be applied to goal hierarchies to avoid the "closure problem"?

a.

Always prioritize higher-level goals over subgoals.

b.

Ensure that subgoals are satisfied before higher-level goals.

c.

Avoid using on-screen messages in ATMs.

d.

Prompt users to collect their cards and money simultaneously.

Discuss
Answer: (b).Ensure that subgoals are satisfied before higher-level goals. Explanation:A general rule that no higher-level goal should be satisfied until all subgoals have been satisfied in order to avoid the "closure problem."
Q43.
What is the main purpose of using Backus–Naur Form (BNF) rules in the context of dialog modeling?

a.

To analyze the semantics of user interactions.

b.

To create complex dialog structures.

c.

To describe the cognitive processes of users.

d.

To specify the syntax of dialog interactions.

Discuss
Answer: (d).To specify the syntax of dialog interactions. Explanation:The main purpose of using Backus–Naur Form (BNF) rules in dialog modeling is to specify the syntax of dialog interactions, ignoring the semantics of the language.
Q44.
How does the BNF description for an interface differ from a programming language?

a.

BNF descriptions focus on user interactions, while programming languages focus on system behavior.

b.

BNF descriptions focus on the semantics of user interactions, while programming languages focus on syntax.

c.

BNF descriptions use non-terminals and terminals, while programming languages use variables and operators.

d.

BNF descriptions use recursive rules, while programming languages use conditionals and loops.

Discuss
Answer: (a).BNF descriptions focus on user interactions, while programming languages focus on system behavior. Explanation:BNF descriptions focus on specifying user interactions with the system, while programming languages focus on specifying the behavior of the system itself.
Q45.
In the BNF rule "choose-one ::= position-mouse + CLICK-MOUSE," what does the "+" operator represent?

a.

It indicates the definition of a non-terminal.

b.

It represents a recursive action.

c.

It signifies a choice between two actions.

d.

It indicates a sequence of actions.

Discuss
Answer: (d).It indicates a sequence of actions. Explanation:In the given BNF rule, the "+" operator indicates a sequence of actions. It means that "choose-one" is defined as a sequence of "position-mouse" followed by "CLICK-MOUSE."
Q46.
How is the complexity of an interface measured using BNF?

a.

By counting the number of recursive rules.

b.

By counting the number of non-terminals and terminals.

c.

By counting the number of "++" and "||" operators.

d.

By counting the number of information-seeking actions.

Discuss
Answer: (b).By counting the number of non-terminals and terminals. Explanation:The complexity of an interface is measured using BNF by counting the number of non-terminals and terminals, as well as the "+" and "|" operators used in the definitions.
Q47.
What is the main advantage of using Task–action grammar (TAG) over BNF in dialog modeling?

a.

TAG includes parametrized grammar rules.

b.

TAG focuses on syntax rather than semantics.

c.

TAG provides more detailed cognitive analyses.

d.

TAG uses recursion for complex rules.

Discuss
Answer: (a).TAG includes parametrized grammar rules. Explanation:The main advantage of using Task–action grammar (TAG) over BNF is that TAG includes parametrized grammar rules, which emphasize consistency and can capture user world knowledge.
Q48.
How does Task–action grammar (TAG) handle consistency in commands?

a.

TAG ignores consistency to focus on syntax.

b.

TAG counts the number of consistent commands.

c.

TAG uses special symbols to denote consistent commands.

d.

TAG includes parametrized grammar rules to capture consistency.

Discuss
Answer: (d).TAG includes parametrized grammar rules to capture consistency. Explanation:Task–action grammar (TAG) includes parametrized grammar rules to capture consistency in commands, allowing for a more accurate representation of the language's structure.
Q49.
In the context of TAG, what does the term "known-item" refer to?

a.

A non-terminal in a grammar rule.

b.

A terminal in a grammar rule.

c.

Information that the user already knows and doesn't need to learn.

d.

A feature set related to a specific word.

Discuss
Answer: (c).Information that the user already knows and doesn't need to learn. Explanation:In TAG, the term "known-item" refers to information that the user already knows and doesn't need to learn in order to use the system.
Q50.
What is "congruence" in the context of dialog modeling?

a.

The consistency of commands across different interfaces.

b.

The complexity of grammar rules in BNF.

c.

The inclusion of known-items in grammar definitions.

d.

The parametrization of grammar rules in TAG.

Discuss
Answer: (a).The consistency of commands across different interfaces. Explanation:In the context of dialog modeling, "congruence" refers to the consistency of commands across different interfaces, ensuring that related commands are intuitively linked.
Page 5 of 13

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