Q. To make SONET backward-compatible with the current hierarchy, its frame design includes a system of.

View solution

Q. A ________ is a repeater.

View solution

Q. __________ allow insertion and extraction of signals.

View solution

Q. A _______ is the optical link connecting two neighbor devices.

View solution

Q. A ______ is the portion of the network between two multiplexers.

View solution

Q. A ______is the end-to-end portion of the network between two STS multiplexers.

View solution

Q. The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal from its optical source to its optical destination.

View solution

Q. The ____ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical line.

View solution

Q. The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical section.

View solution

Q. The _______ layer corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI model.

View solution

Q. An STS multiplexer is a ______ device.

View solution

Q. An add/drop multiplexer is a ______ device.

View solution

Q. A regenerator is a ________ device.

View solution

Q. In SONET, for each frame, the bytes are transmitted __________.

View solution

Q. In SONET, for each byte, the bits are transmitted ____________.

View solution

Q. Each ________in a SONET frame can carry a digitized voice channel.

View solution

Q. Line overhead consists of ________ bytes.

View solution

Q. The path overhead consists of ______ bytes.

View solution

Q. In ________ APS, there are normally two lines: one working line and one protection line. Both lines are active all the time.

View solution

Q. In ______ APS, there is one working line and one protection line. The data are normally sent on the working line until it fails.

View solution