Q. What is the most popular strategy for attackers to overcome the hurdles imposed by nonexecutable memory systems?

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Q. Which option is used for returning values to the caller in functions?

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Q. Which type of vulnerability is required for an attacker to exploit the buffer overflow bug?

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Q. What is the purpose of stack-checking mechanisms embedded into programs?

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Q. What is a heap overflow?

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Q. How does a heap overflow attack work?

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Q. How are heaps arranged?

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Q. What causes the program to crash in a heap overflow attack?

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Q. How can attackers take advantage of the heap's linked-list structure?

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Q. Why are heap overflows less common than stack overflows?

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Q. What is the most common example of overflow attacks?

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Q. What is the risk of using the strcpy function?

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Q. What are heap overflows and why are they less common than stack overflows?

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Q. What is the most common example of string-related overflow attacks?

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Q. What happens if an attacker's string is internally converted into Unicode before it reaches the vulnerable function?

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Q. What are integer overflows?

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Q. What is the risk associated with adding a constant value to a user-supplied buffer length?

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Q. What happens if the addition performed on the buffer length parameter overflows?

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Q. Why do stack variables always have a fixed size?

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Q. What is a heap overflow?

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