Q. Shifting to the left is accomplished by

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Q. In a linear block code, the exclusive OR (XOR) of any two valid code words creates

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Q. If generator of the cyclic code has at least two terms and the rightmost bit is 1 then error cannot be divided by

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Q. In the bit pattern, the shifting to the right means

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Q. A generator of a cyclic code that contains a factor of x + 1 can detect all

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Q. To guarantee correction of up to t errors in all cases, the minimum hamming distance in a block code must be

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Q. There is no error in the received code word, if the syndrome is

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Q. A simple parity-check code has dmin =

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Q. The standard polynomial that is used by the popular protocol of CRC-16 for the

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Q. The Internet has been using a checksum of

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Q. A pattern of 0s and 1s can be represented as a

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Q. Forward error correction is possible when the number of errors is

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Q. Any coding scheme needs to have at least the parameters of

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Q. Single-bit errors are the least likely type of error in

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Q. In a cyclic code, generator polynomial is actually the

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Q. There are two main methods of

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Q. The cyclic redundancy check is used in

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Q. In error detection and correction process, we use geometric approach to define

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Q. The received code word of the cyclic code is the sum of the sent code word and the

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Q. In a cyclic code, the decoder is failed to detect any error, when syndrome is

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