Q. Why are scripts typically prevented from allowing SETUID to work in Linux?

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Q. Which of the following Linux executables can be used for privilege escalation if SUID permission is set?

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Q. What is the significance of the shebang (#!) in a script?

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Q. In the context of privilege escalation on Linux, what does the s flag set for executables indicate?

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Q. What can penetration testers potentially exploit when discovering executables with SUID or GUID bits on a Linux system?

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Q. In Linux, what must penetration testers be aware of when working with different distributions and versions?

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Q. How does the sudo command function in Linux, and where are the associated settings typically found?

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Q. In Linux, if a sudo-capable user account can run a program as root, what potential privilege escalation opportunity does this present?

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Q. What type of access may a seemingly low-privileged account with permission to run Python or Perl as root have on a Linux system?

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Q. How can seemingly innocent permissions to run files lead to privilege escalation using sudo?

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Q. What limitations are commonly imposed by restricted shells in Linux?

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Q. How can penetration testers break out of restricted shells in Linux?

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Q. When confronted with a restricted shell, what should penetration testers check to identify potential avenues for privilege escalation?

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Q. What utility may be used by penetration testers to escape restricted shells in Linux?

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Q. In the context of privilege escalation on Linux, what should penetration testers check regarding sudo?

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Q. When dealing with a restricted shell, what elements should penetration testers check for potential exploitation?

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Q. Why are Linux kernel exploits considered a favorite tool for penetration testers?

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Q. How does the CVE list classify Linux kernel exploits?

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Q. Which type of Linux kernel exploits is most likely to be useful to penetration testers?

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Q. What is a common opportunity for penetration testers regarding Linux kernel patches?

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