Q. Why is it difficult to distinguish between a well-defended application and a successful Boolean SQL injection attack with limited visibility into the application?

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Q. What is the significance of blind SQL injection attacks in scenarios where the attacker cannot directly view the results?

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Q. How do penetration testers assess susceptibility to blind SQL injection attacks using timing-based methods?

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Q. What database platform feature is utilized in a timing-based attack, where an attacker instructs the database to wait for a specified duration?

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Q. How does an attacker verify if an application is vulnerable to timing-based attacks using the account ID field?

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Q. What might an attacker aim to extract from a database using a timing-based attack if the database contains an unencrypted field named Password?

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Q. What is the purpose of code injection attacks in general?

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Q. Besides SQL injection, what is another example of a code injection attack?

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Q. In what scenarios might code injection attacks occur?

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Q. What danger is associated with application code reaching back to the operating system to execute commands?

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Q. What command might an attacker supply in a command injection attack to delete a directory on a Linux system?

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Q. How does the ampersand in the command 'mkdir /home/students/mchapple & rm -rf home' affect its execution?

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Q. What protocol is susceptible to LDAP injection attacks, similar to SQL injection attacks on databases?

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Q. What is the primary goal of LDAP injection attacks?

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Q. What authentication technique is described as knowledge-based and commonly used but easily defeated?

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Q. In password authentication, what happens if an attacker learns a user's password?

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Q. What is a potential way for an attacker to learn a user's password through a social engineering attack?

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Q. In addition to social engineering attacks, what other method might an attacker use to discover a user's password?

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Q. What is a common characteristic of passwords as an authentication method?

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Q. What risk is associated with default administrative accounts that remain unchanged on systems?

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