Q. What danger is associated with application code reaching back to the operating system to execute commands?

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Q. What command might an attacker supply in a command injection attack to delete a directory on a Linux system?

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Q. How does the ampersand in the command 'mkdir /home/students/mchapple & rm -rf home' affect its execution?

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Q. What protocol is susceptible to LDAP injection attacks, similar to SQL injection attacks on databases?

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Q. What is the primary goal of LDAP injection attacks?

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Q. What authentication technique is described as knowledge-based and commonly used but easily defeated?

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Q. In password authentication, what happens if an attacker learns a user's password?

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Q. What is a potential way for an attacker to learn a user's password through a social engineering attack?

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Q. In addition to social engineering attacks, what other method might an attacker use to discover a user's password?

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Q. What is a common characteristic of passwords as an authentication method?

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Q. What risk is associated with default administrative accounts that remain unchanged on systems?

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Q. What might penetration testers assume when encountering default passwords on applications and devices?

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Q. What is a common starting point for penetration testers seeking access to a networked device?

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Q. What is the primary goal of session hijacking attacks?

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Q. How do most websites manage user sessions for authentication?

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Q. What information does a cookie typically contain in the context of user authentication?

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Q. How does a session hijacking attack typically exploit vulnerabilities?

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Q. What is the function of a cookie in the context of user sessions?

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Q. What is a potential vulnerability associated with cookies used in user authentication?

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Q. What is a session fixation attack?

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