Q. Aliasing in the context of programming languages refers to

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Q. Consider the following C declaration

struct {
short s [5]
union {
float y;
long z;
}u;
} t;

Assume that objects of the type short, float and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes, respectively. The memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, is

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Q. The number of tokens in the following C statement

printf("i = %d, &i = %x", i, &i);

is

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Q. B+ trees are preferred to binary trees in databases because

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Q. Suppose you are given an array s[1..n] and a procedure reverse (s, i, j) which reverses the order of elements in a between positions i and j (both inclusive). What does the following sequence do, where 1 <= k <= n:

reverse(s, 1, k) ;
reverse(s, k + 1, n);
reverse(s, l, n);

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Q. Let LASTPOST, LASTIN and LASTPRE denote the last vertex visited in a postorder, inorder and preorder traversal, respectively, of a complete binary tree. Which of the following is always true?

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Q. The value of j at the end of the execution of the following C program.

int incr(int i)
{
static int count = 0;
count = count + i;
return (count);
}
main()
{
int i,j;
for (i = 0; i <=4; i++)
j = incr(i);
}

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Q. Randomized quicksort is an extension of quicksort where the pivot is chosen randomly. What is the worst case complexity of sorting n numbers using randomized quicksort?

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Q. Consider any array representation of an n element binary heap where the elements are stored from index 1 to index n of the array. For the element stored at index i of the array (i <= n), the index of the parent is

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Q. What is the minimum number of stacks of size n required to implement a queue of size n?

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Q. What is printed by the print statements in the program P1 assuming call by reference parameter passing?

Program P1()
{
x = 10;
y = 3;
func1(y,x,x);
print x;
print y;
}
func1(x,y,z)
{
y = y+4;
z = x+y+z;
}

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Q. Consider the following three C functions :

[PI] int * g (void)
{
int x= 10;
return (&x);
}

[P2] int * g (void)
{
int * px;
*px= 10;
return px;
}

[P3] int *g (void)
{
int *px;
px = (int *) malloc (sizeof(int));
*px= 10;
return px;
}

Which of the above three functions are likely to cause problems with pointers?

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Q. Consider the following program

Program P2
var n: int:
procedure W(var x: int)
begin
x=x+1;
print x;
end

procedure D
begin
var n: int;
n=3;
W(n);
end
begin //beginP2
n=10;
D;
end

If the language has dynamic scoping and parameters are passed by reference, what will be printed by the program?

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Q. In the C language

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Q. The results returned by functions under value-result and reference parameter passing conventions

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Q. Consider the following declaration of a two dimensional array in C:

char a[100][100];

Assuming that the main memory is byte-addressable and that the array is stored starting from memory address 0, the address of a [40][50] is :

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Q. The number of leaf nodes in a rooted tree of n nodes, with each node having 0 or 3 children is:

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Q. Consider the following algorithm for searching for a given number x in an unsorted array A[1.....n] having n distinct values:

1. Choose an i uniformly at random from 1..... n;
2. If A[i] = x then Stop else Goto 1;

Assuming that x is present in A, what is the expected number of comparisons made by the algorithm before it terminates ?

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Q. The running time of the following algorithm Procedure A(n)

If n < = 2 return (1)
else return (A(Image not present√nImage not present));

is best described by :

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Q. A weight-balanced tree is a binary tree in which for each node, the number of nodes in the left subtree is at least half and at most twice the number of nodes in the right subtree. The maximum possible height (number of nodes on the path from the root to the furthest leaf) of such a tree on n nodes is best described by which of the following?

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