Q. ______________ policy allows multiple updates to accumulate on a block before it is output to stable storage, which can reduce the number of output operations greatly for frequently updated blocks.

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Q. The ___________ policy, allows the system to write modified blocks to disk even if the transactions thatmade those modifications have not all committed.

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Q. Locks on buffer blocks are unrelated to locks used for concurrency-control of transactions, and releasing them in a non-two-phase manner does not have any implications on transaction serializability. This is

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Q. The __________________ contains a list of blocks that have been updated in the database buffer.

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Q. The operating system reserves space on disk for storing virtual-memory pages that are not currently in main memory; this space is called

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Q. What was the name of the first commercially available microprocessor chip?

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Q. The magnetic storage chip used to provide non-volatile direct access storage of data and that have no moving parts are known as

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Q. Which of the following is used only for data entry and storage, and never for processing?

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Q. Non-volatile storage needs to have a _________ where the loses in future can be recovered.

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Q. A dump of the database contents is also referred to as an _____________ dump.

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Q. ________ dump, writes out SQL DDL statements and SQL insert statements to a file, which can then be reexecuted to re-create the database.

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Q. _________ dump schemes have been developed that allow transactions to be active while the dump is in progress.

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Q. ARIES uses a ___________ to identify log records, and stores it in database pages.

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Q. ARIES supports ___________ operations, which are physical in that the affected page is physically identified, but can be logical within the page.

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Q. ______________ is used to minimize unnecessary redos during recovery.

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Q. __________ scheme that records only information about dirty pages and associated information and does not even require of writing dirty pages to disk.

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Q. Whenever an update operation occurs on a page, the operation stores the LSN of its log record in the _______ field of the page.

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Q. There are special redo-only log records generated during transaction rollback, called _________ in ARIES.

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Q. The __________________ contains a list of pages that have been updated in the database buffer.

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Q. ___________ determines which transactions to undo,which pages were dirty at the time of the crash, and the LSN from which the redo pass should start.

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