Q. For an n-bit tag and a k-bit key, the level of effort required for brute force attack on a MAC algorithm is

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Q. Cryptographic hash functions execute faster in software than block ciphers.

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Q. What is the value of ipad in the HMAC structure?

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Q. What is the value of opad in the HMAC structure?

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Q. Which cryptographic algorithm is used in CMAC?

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Q. In CMAC, which scenario is a different key K2 is used instead of K1?

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Q. Which Authentication Encryption approach is taken by the SSL/TLS protocol?

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Q. Which Authentication Encryption approach is taken by the IPSec protocol?

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Q. Which Authentication Encryption approach is taken by the SSH protocol?

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Q. Hashing followed by encryption (H→E) is used by which algorithm?

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Q. Which of the following terms is not an input to the CCM encryption?

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Q. How many passes through the plaintext does the CCM require to generate the MAC value?

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Q. In GCM, we define S as S = GHASH(A||0^v||C||0^u||[len(A)]||[len(C)]). What is v defined as?

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Q. When the length of the IV is not 96, then

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Q. Which is not true for Key-Wrapping?

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Q. What is the value of A (0)?

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Q. The key Wrapping Algorithm provides confidentiality and data integrity.

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Q. Which of the following is not true for whirlpool hashing function?

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Q. The expected workload of generating a collision is of the order of ____________ executions of Whirlpool.

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Q. Given a message, the expected workload of finding a message that hashes to that value is of the order ____________

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