Q. The time required to convert a k-bit integer to its representation in the base 10 in terms of big-O notation is

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Q. In base 26, multiplication of YES by NO gives –

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Q. Division of (131B6C3) base 16 by (lA2F) base 16 yeilds –

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Q. An encryption scheme is unconditionally secure if the ciphertext generated does not contain enough information to determine uniquely the corresponding plaintext, no matter how much cipher text is available.

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Q. The estimated computations required to crack a password of 6 characters from the 26 letter alphabet is-

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Q. Use Caesar’s Cipher to decipher the following:

HQFUBSWHG WHAW

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Q. Caesar Cipher is an example of

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Q. Monoalphabetic ciphers are stronger than Polyalphabetic ciphers because frequency analysis is tougher on the former.

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Q. Which are the most frequently found letters in the English language ?

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Q. Choose from among the following cipher systems, from best to the worst, with respect to ease of decryption using frequency analysis.

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Q. On Encrypting “thepepsiisintherefrigerator” using Vignere Cipher System using the keyword “HUMOR” we get cipher text-

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Q. On Encrypting “cryptography” using Vignere Cipher System using the keyword “LUCKY” we get cipher text

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Q. The Index of Coincidence for English language is approximately

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Q. If all letters have the same chance of being chosen, the IC is approximately

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Q. Consider the cipher text message with relative frequencies:

4 0 10 25 5 32 24 15 6 11 5 5 1 2 6 6 15 19 10 0 6 28 8 2 3 2
The Index of Coincidence is

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Q. Consider the cipher text message:

YJIHX RVHKK KSKHK IQQEV IFLRK QUZVA EVFYZ RVFBX UKGBP KYVVB QTAJK TGBQO ISGHU CWIKX QUXIH DUGIU LMWKG CHXJV WEKIH HEHGR EXXSF DMIIL UPSLW UPSLW AJKTR WTOWP IVXBW NPTGW EKBYU SBQWS

Relative Frequencies –
3 7 2 2 5 5 7 9 11 4 14 4 2 1 3 4 6 5 6 5 7 10 9 8 4 2

The Index of Coincidence is –

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Q. A symmetric cipher system has an IC of 0.041. What is the length of the key ‘m’?

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Q. In public key cryptosystem _____ keys are used for encryption and decryption.

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Q. In public key cryptosystem which is kept as public?

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Q. In a trapdoor function, the functions are easy to go in

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