Q. A ____ a set of wires and a rigidly defined protocol that specifies a set of messages that can be sent on the wires.

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Q. When device A has a cable that plugs into device B, and device B has a cable that plugs into device C and device C plugs into a port on the computer, this arrangement is called a _________

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Q. The _________ present a uniform device-access interface to the I/O subsystem, much as system calls provide a standard interface between the application and the operating system.

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Q. A ________ is a collection of electronics that can operate a port, a bus, or a device.

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Q. An I/O port typically consists of four registers status, control, ________ and ________ registers.

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Q. The ______ register is read by the host to get input.

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Q. The ______ register is written by the host to send output.

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Q. The hardware mechanism that allows a device to notify the CPU is called _______

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Q. The CPU hardware has a wire called __________ that the CPU senses after executing every instruction.

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Q. The _________ determines the cause of the interrupt, performs the necessary processing and executes a return from the interrupt instruction to return the CPU to the execution state prior to the interrupt.

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Q. In general the two interrupt request lines are :

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Q. The _________ are reserved for events such as unrecoverable memory errors.

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Q. The ________ can be turned off by the CPU before the execution of critical instruction sequences that must not be interrupted.

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Q. The __________ is used by device controllers to request service.

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Q. The interrupt vector contains :

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Q. Division by zero, accessing a protected or non existent memory address, or attempting to execute a privileged instruction from user mode are all categorized as ________

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Q. For large data transfers, _________ is used.

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Q. A character stream device transfers :

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Q. A block device transfers :

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Q. A dedicated device is :

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