Q. Pruning and grafting are strategies used in _______.

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Q. A _______ message tells an upstream router to stop sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.

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Q. A _______ message tells an upstream router to start sending multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.

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Q. CBT is a ________ protocol that uses a core as the root of the tree.

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Q. PIM-DM is used in a _______ multicast environment, such as a LAN.

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Q. PIM-SM is used in a _______multicast environment such as a WAN.

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Q. In _______, a logical tunnel is established by encapsulating the multicast packet inside a unicast packet.

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Q. If routing information is automatically updated by routers when changes are made to the network configuration are called

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Q. ARP stands for

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Q. If two or more routers are available in distributed routing, which route should be selected

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Q. Multi-path routing can be achieved in

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Q. Distance vector protocols are

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Q. Which function allows dumping of invalid packets for a specific network instead of forwarding ?

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Q. In source routing bridges each LAN has a unique ................. bit number.

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Q. In adaptive tree walk protocol we use ...................... and ..................... searching.

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Q. The routing algorithm within each network is ..................

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Q. In link state routing, after the construction of link state packets new routes are computed using .....................

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Q. Count-to-Infinity problem occurs in .....................

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Q. In distance vector routing algorithm, each router maintains a separate routing table with the following entries.

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Q. Link state packets are built in ....................

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