Q. What is the relationship between data interoperability and process interoperability?

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Q. What is the primary challenge addressed when achieving semantic interoperability of data from heterogeneous sources in the context of Big Data?

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Q. How can the data heterogeneity issue of Big Data be addressed?

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Q. What is one possible approach to solving the semantic data interoperability problem of Big Data?

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Q. How are ontologies used to address the semantic data interoperability problem in Big Data?

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Q. What is the advantage of semantic enrichment of data in the context of Big Data?

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Q. What standards are used for data transfer in the X-Road platform?

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Q. What is the role of adapter servers in the X-Road platform?

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Q. What is the primary role of the X-Road middleware platform in Estonian e-government?

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Q. How many e-government data services are registered and run on X-road?

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Q. How many organizations have connected their data sources via X-road middleware?

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Q. What is the estimated number of requests handled by X-road in 2011, as per the statistics provided by the Administration System for the State Information System?

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Q. How does the X-road approach achieve data interoperability between disparate data sources?

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Q. How does the X-road approach address semantic data interoperability problems?

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Q. What strategic document was issued by the Estonian Ministry of Economic Affairs in 2005 to address semantic interoperability in state information technology?

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Q. What is the main focus of the semantic interoperability architecture for Estonian state information systems proposed by Haav et al. (2009)?

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Q. Which ontology description language was chosen for the architecture's domain ontologies?

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Q. How are data services of state information systems currently described in the architecture?

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Q. What is the role of the Administration System for the State Information System (RIHA) in the architecture?

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Q. How is ontology creation and semantic enrichment supported in the semantic interoperability architecture?

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