Q. What is a potential method for penetration testers to achieve effects similar to DNS cache poisoning?

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Q. Why are DNS cache poisoning attacks less likely to be usefully exploitable for most penetration testers?

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Q. What is the primary objective of penetration testers in on-path attacks?

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Q. What is another term used for on-path attacks?

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Q. How does ARP spoofing work in conducting on-path attacks?

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Q. In the context of ARP spoofing, what can an attacker achieve by falsifying ARP messages on a local network?

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Q. Where is ARP spoofing effective, and what tool in Kali Linux can be used to conduct this attack?

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Q. What is the primary purpose of MAC address spoofing for a penetration tester?

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Q. What is a common use for replay attacks?

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Q. What is a specific type of replay attack that penetration testers commonly use?

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Q. What is the primary focus of relay attacks compared to other on-path attacks?

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Q. What is the primary purpose of NAC (Network Access Control) systems in organizational networks?

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Q. How do NAC systems typically detect new devices connecting to a network?

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Q. What approach might a penetration tester take to bypass NAC?

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Q. How can systems relying on MAC addresses for security controls be bypassed?

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Q. Which tool in Kali Linux can be used to change the MAC address of a system, making it useful for attempting to bypass systems relying on MAC addresses for security controls?

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Q. What are the three major types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks?

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Q. Why might unintentional DoS conditions occur during a penetration test?

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Q. What are some common tools for creating DoS conditions in a penetration test?

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Q. What is the purpose of HTTP Unbearable Load King (HULK) and Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC)?

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